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台灣停經婦女的飲食型態、體位測量、生活習慣與骨質密度之間的關聯性：一項橫斷面研究
Other Title
Association between dietary patterns, anthropometric status, lifestyle, and bone mineral density among postmenopausal women in Taiwan: a cross-sectional study
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2022-07-11
Author(s)
NARANTSETSEG JARGALSAIKHAN
Advisor
趙振瑞
Subjects
系所名稱：保健營養學系碩士班
Publisher
保健營養學系碩士班
Description
口試委員：楊素卿 YANG, SUH-CHING;白其卉 BAI, CHYI-HUEY;趙振瑞 CHAO, JANE C.-J.
網際網路,開放日期為2022-07-29
網際網路,開放日期為2022-07-29
Abstract
Background and objectives: Decreased bone density often occurs in postmenopausal women because of estrogen deficiency. Dietary patterns influence bone health status. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns, anthropometric status, lifestyle, and bone mineral density among postmenopausal women in Taiwan.
Methods: A sample of 10,451 postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 94 years who measured bone mineral density (BMD) were recruited from Mei-Jau Health Institution from 2001 to 2015. The sociodemographic data, lifestyle, medical history, and dietary intake were collected by self-report questionnaires. Anthropometric data and biochemical data were measured from the study subjects. The dietary habit was evaluated using a validated SQ-FFQ composed of 85 closed-ended questions, and intake frequency were identified for 22 food groups. Principal component analysis was used to identify the dietary patterns. The association between dietary patterns, anthropometric status, lifestyle, and bone mineral density was analyzed by multinomial logistic regression analysis.
Results: Participants in the higher quartile of the dairy-grain dietary pattern were less likely to have the risk of osteopenia (OR=0.87, 95% CI 0.77, 1.00) and osteoporosis (OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.57, 0.82) compared with those who were in the reference group (Q1). Underweight BMI was associated with a high risk of osteoporosis (OR=2.38, 95% CI 1.80, 3.16) compared with normal BMI. In addition, overweight, obese as defined by BMI, central obesity, and higher body fat (%) was associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Moreover, subjects who were awakened easily or hard to sleep were associated with a high incidence of osteoporosis by 22% (OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.07, 1.18) or 34% (OR= 1.34, 95% CI 1.15, 1.56), respectively. Those who over sleep (>8 hours), and current alcohol drinkers showed greater BMD whereas those who frequent physical activity presented low BMD.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the dairy-grain dietary pattern with high consumption of dairy products, bread, milk, fruits, whole grains, root crops, beans/legumes, and eggs has protective effects on greater lumbar spine BMD, which were associated with decreased risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis. In contrast, the fried-processed dietary pattern is associated with low BMD. Furthermore, the incidence of osteoporosis is positively associated with being underweight and poor sleep quality among postmenopausal women in Taiwan.
Keywords: dietary patterns, bone mineral density, postmenopausal women
Methods: A sample of 10,451 postmenopausal women aged between 45 and 94 years who measured bone mineral density (BMD) were recruited from Mei-Jau Health Institution from 2001 to 2015. The sociodemographic data, lifestyle, medical history, and dietary intake were collected by self-report questionnaires. Anthropometric data and biochemical data were measured from the study subjects. The dietary habit was evaluated using a validated SQ-FFQ composed of 85 closed-ended questions, and intake frequency were identified for 22 food groups. Principal component analysis was used to identify the dietary patterns. The association between dietary patterns, anthropometric status, lifestyle, and bone mineral density was analyzed by multinomial logistic regression analysis.
Results: Participants in the higher quartile of the dairy-grain dietary pattern were less likely to have the risk of osteopenia (OR=0.87, 95% CI 0.77, 1.00) and osteoporosis (OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.57, 0.82) compared with those who were in the reference group (Q1). Underweight BMI was associated with a high risk of osteoporosis (OR=2.38, 95% CI 1.80, 3.16) compared with normal BMI. In addition, overweight, obese as defined by BMI, central obesity, and higher body fat (%) was associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Moreover, subjects who were awakened easily or hard to sleep were associated with a high incidence of osteoporosis by 22% (OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.07, 1.18) or 34% (OR= 1.34, 95% CI 1.15, 1.56), respectively. Those who over sleep (>8 hours), and current alcohol drinkers showed greater BMD whereas those who frequent physical activity presented low BMD.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the dairy-grain dietary pattern with high consumption of dairy products, bread, milk, fruits, whole grains, root crops, beans/legumes, and eggs has protective effects on greater lumbar spine BMD, which were associated with decreased risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis. In contrast, the fried-processed dietary pattern is associated with low BMD. Furthermore, the incidence of osteoporosis is positively associated with being underweight and poor sleep quality among postmenopausal women in Taiwan.
Keywords: dietary patterns, bone mineral density, postmenopausal women