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  5. 基於跨種族資料之阿茲海默症風險預測泛化模型
 
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基於跨種族資料之阿茲海默症風險預測泛化模型

Other Title
A Generalized Model for Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Prediction Based on Cross-Ethnic Data
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2025-01-14
Author(s)
洪詩涵
Advisor
張資昊
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學資訊研究所碩士班
Publisher
醫學資訊研究所碩士班
Description
學位別:碩士
口試委員:吳育瑋; 許博凱; 張資昊
關鍵字:阿茲海默症、單核苷酸多態性、全基因體關聯分析、多基因風險分數、機器學習
Abstract
背景:阿茲海默症(Alzheimer’s Disease, AD)是全球最常見的失智症類型,且不同族群間存在顯著的遺傳結構差異。現有風險預測模型多基於歐洲族群資料,對其他族群的適用性有限。為提升模型的跨族群泛化能力,本研究結合歐洲與東亞族群的基因與臨床數據進行分析。

方法:本研究整合英國生物資料庫(UKB)與臺灣族群的資料,篩選次要等位基因頻率(MAF)差異較小的SNPs,並進行基因型插補以補齊缺失資料。基於多基因風險分數(PRS)、基因型資料與臨床特徵,使用Logistic Regression、XGBoost與多層感知器(MLP)進行建模比較。模型效能以受試者操作特徵曲線下面積(AUROC)進行評估。

結果:在UKB驗證集中,三種演算法模型的AUC均達到0.81;在TWB測試集中,Logistic Regression和MLP模型的AUC提升至0.87,優於XGBoost的0.82。特徵分析確認PRSice2_PRS、lassosum_PRS與年齡為重要特徵,表明遺傳與臨床特徵的結合能顯著提升疾病風險預測效能。

結論:本研究結合臨床特徵、PRS與基因型資料可提升阿茲海默症風險預測的效能,特別在跨族群分析中展現良好泛化能力。未來建議可透過擴充SNP位點與臨床數據數量,並納入影像學或代謝物數據等多模態資訊來提升模型效能。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/9372

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