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  5. 兒科醫令警示系統於預防藥物疏失之成效
 
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兒科醫令警示系統於預防藥物疏失之成效

Other Title
Impact of Computerized Physician Order Entry with Alert System on Preventing Pediatric Medication Errors
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2011-06-30
Author(s)
侯靜怡
Advisor
陳香吟
Subjects
系所名稱:藥學研究所
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:陳香吟
共同指導教授:
口試委員:何蘊芳;吳姿樺
中文關鍵字:兒科;醫令;劑量;藥物疏失;警示系統
Abstract
兒童並不是成熟的個體,其獨特的藥品動態學及藥物藥效學,與成人相比明顯的不同。因此兒童使用藥物有其獨特性,也容易因藥物疏失而受到傷害。曾有研究指出,潛在性藥物不良反應在兒童的發生率比成人高於三倍。兒童也因為一些危險因子,例如短時間內體重改變快速、以體重計算劑量及缺乏溝通等因素,使得兒童更容易面臨藥物疏失的發生。

  本研究為橫斷性研究,研究時間為2010年及2011年一月至三月,對象為北市某醫學中心門診所有18歲以下看診兒童。研究目的是建置一個以兒科為主的電子醫令警示系統,並評估其成效。當醫師開立藥品劑量時,系統評估劑量是否於合理範圍,若是高於或低於系統所設置的建議劑量,會予以警示並同時提供建議劑量。

  結果顯示系統建置前,兒科總處方筆數共72431筆,以系統回溯篩選劑量錯誤筆數偵測筆數共4051筆,醫師處方劑量錯誤發生率為5.6%;系統建置後兒科總處方筆數共80532筆,劑量錯誤筆數共3131筆,醫師處方劑量錯誤發生率為3.9% (p<0.001)。系統建置前,實際偵測到劑量錯誤筆數為16筆,劑量錯誤偵測率僅0.022% ;系統建置後,劑量錯誤實際偵測率增加為3.9% (p<0.001)。另因系統警示而醫師修改劑量使劑量錯誤減少為2698筆,於是至病人端之劑量錯誤發生率由系統建置前5.6%減少為3.4% (p<0.001)。且劑量錯誤減少率也由建置前0.39%至建置後13.4% (p<0.001)。在嚴重度方面,於系統上線前,藥師發藥時共發現2筆潛在致命性錯誤;系統建置後,因經由系統警示14筆致命性錯誤及11筆嚴重錯誤,醫師均已接受系統警示修正,故藥師審查處方時,已無致命性及嚴重錯誤處方。

  兒科醫令警示系統設置於醫師開立處方時,能立即提示醫師修改劑量錯誤。結果顯示系統能顯著偵測劑量錯誤,也可有效減低藥物疏失的發生及嚴重度,增加兒科用藥安全。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/13667

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