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  5. 應用預訓練語言模型於急診患者心臟疾病診斷預測之研究
 
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應用預訓練語言模型於急診患者心臟疾病診斷預測之研究

Other Title
Study on Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis in Emergency Patients Using Pre-trained Language Models
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2025-07-10
Author(s)
彭歆恩
Advisor
張詠淳  
Subjects
系所名稱:大數據科技及管理研究所碩士班
Publisher
大數據科技及管理研究所碩士班
Description
學位別:碩士
口試委員:張詠淳; 陳建錦; 阮逢英
關鍵字:自然語言處理、大型語言模型、胸痛、冠心症、心律不整、大型語言模型、MIMIC-IV
Abstract
胸痛是急診科最常見的主訴之一,此主訴通常與冠心症或心律不整等心臟疾病有關,這些疾病的早期識別對病人的預後至關重要,但在急診如此高壓的環境中,臨床醫師通常需要在短時間內依靠經驗做出判斷,容易出現診斷不一致或延誤的情況。隨著人工智慧技術及大型語言模型的迅速發展,特別是大型語言模型(LLMs)的出現,如 GPT-4 和 BERT,已在自然語言處理領域展現出色的性能,並逐漸被應用於醫療領域,用於解讀電子健康紀錄(EHRs)和輔助診斷決策,這些工具為分析臨床數據和預測疾病帶來了新的可能性。
本研究將使用 MIMIC-IV 資料庫,結合預訓練語言模型,透過整合急診中的生理背景之數值型數據和用藥紀錄等文字數據,並藉由特定的分類標籤來判斷病人的診斷類型,包括冠心症、心律不整或其他疾病,開發一個能幫助醫師更準確預測胸痛患者心臟疾病的系統。此系統優先參考 ICU 的診斷結果,使用大型語言模型進行微調和評估。期望透過此研究成果,不僅能協助醫師更高效地應對急診診斷的挑戰,也能顯著提升病人治療的時效性與精準度,讓病人獲得更快速、更準確的診斷,同時為語言模型在醫療決策中的應用提供有力佐證,進一步推動未來智能化醫療的發展與普及。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/9295

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