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  5. 利用機器學習模組預測乳癌病人接受前導性藥物治療後是否達到病理完全緩解
 
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利用機器學習模組預測乳癌病人接受前導性藥物治療後是否達到病理完全緩解

Other Title
Using Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment in Breast Cancer Patients
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2024-07-05
Author(s)
賴俊圻
Advisor
張資昊
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學資訊研究所碩士在職專班
Publisher
醫學資訊研究所碩士在職專班
Description
學位別:碩士
關鍵字:乳癌; 前導性藥物治療; 病理性完全緩解; 乳房超音波影像; 機器學習
論文公開日期:2024-07-22
Abstract
背景:女性乳房惡性腫瘤是全球最普遍的癌症,2022年約有230萬女性被診斷為乳癌。乳癌的治療方式在某些特定族群,已建議將化療-標靶-免疫療法從術後輔助治療轉變為前導性藥物治療。前導性藥物治療後,達到病理完全緩解(PCR)對生存率有顯著影響。本研究旨在開發一個穩健且易於使用的模型,以預測乳癌病人接受前導性藥物治療後是否達到病理完全緩解。
研究材料與方法:本研究利用臺北醫學大學附設醫院臨床研究資料庫(TMU-CRD)進行回顧性研究,蒐集2015至2022年間接受前導性藥物治療後進行根治性手術切除的乳癌患者。我們建立了三個不同的數據模型,並採用多種機器學習算法來開發預測模型。
結果:本研究共納入334名患者,其中非PCR組199名,PCR組135名。機器學習模組中,使用遞歸特徵消除和交叉驗證的邏輯回歸(LR with RFECV)來預測使用前導性藥物治療後是否達PCR有最好的預測表現。模型一包括14個臨床變量,Accuracy為0.66 ± 0.02,AUROC為0.73 ± 0.01。模型二將抽血結果和合併症加入臨床變量(共29個變量),但沒有顯著改善(Accuracy:0.67 ± 0.02;AUROC:0.73 ± 0.01)。模型三在模型一的變量中加入追蹤乳房超音波結果,雖然樣本數量有限(僅41名患者),但結果顯示優於無追蹤超音波結果組(Accuracy/ AUROC:0.68/ 0.60對比0.66/ 0.55)。
結論:本研究強調乳房超音波結果數據在預測PCR結果中的關鍵作用。臨床和實驗室變量能提供基礎的預測能力,再加上影像數據更有機會提高模型的準確性。但後續需要更大規模的研究來確認乳房超音波結果在預測前導性藥物治療(NAT)後PCR率的重要性。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/9645

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