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  5. 飲食評量指標對糖尿病與血液透析患者之心血管疾病風險相關性
 
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飲食評量指標對糖尿病與血液透析患者之心血管疾病風險相關性

Other Title
The dietary index are related to cardiovascular risk in diabetes patients and hemodialysis patients
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2016-01-04
Author(s)
吳佩瑜
Advisor
楊淑惠
Subjects
系所名稱:保健營養學研究所
Description
學位別:博士
語文別:中文
指導教授:楊淑惠
共同指導教授:
口試委員:高美丁;劉麗雲;許瑞芬;白其卉
中文關鍵字:心臟血管疾病;飲食評量指標;第2型糖尿病;血液透析
英文關鍵字:cardiovascular disease;dietary index;type 2 diabetes;hemodialysis
Abstract
心臟血管疾病(cardiovascular disease, CVD)是國人主要死亡原因之一。糖尿病、血液透析治療(hemodialysis, HD)患者為CVD的高風險族群。飲食為影響CVD的重要因子,良好評量指標(dietary index)是為評估飲食型態的簡易工具。因此,本研究目的為探討飲食指標對於糖尿病及HD患者之CVD風險因子影響。研究分為二階段,第一階段為評估以2011年每日飲食指南更新台灣版替代健康飲食評量(Alternate Healthy Eating Index-Taiwan, AHEI-T)簡稱為AHEI-T 2011之效度,並與2010年版之替代健康飲食評量指標(Alternate Healthy Eating Index -2010, AHEI-2010)、美國糖尿病學會評量分數(American Diabetes Association dietary score, ADA dietary score)等比較其與營養素及CVD風險因子之相關性。研究結果得:124名未合併有糖尿病腎病變或慢性腎臟病的第2型糖尿病受試者之中,與AHEI-T相較之下,AHEI-T 2011及ADA dietary score有更多營養素及CVD風險因子呈顯著負相關性,其中風險因子包括中央型肥胖、高血糖、收縮壓、血清低密度脂蛋白膽固醇濃度、預測未來10年冠狀動脈心臟病風險皆呈負相關(p < 0.05)。接著以AHEI-T 2011套用於HD患者,結果得AHEI-T 2011與HD患者之CVD風險相關性不佳,因此第二階段研究依據美國腎臟基金會提出的飲食建議修改AHEI-T 2011為透析飲食評量指標(hemodialyisis dietary index,HDEI),結果得:HDEI與營養素之間為顯著正相關,並且與營養不良及高血糖風險呈顯著負相關性,但是與收縮壓並無顯著相關性。推測可能是因為HDEI鼓勵HD患者多攝取紅肉,但是未能區分新鮮紅肉或加工肉品,加工肉品為高鈉含量食物。因此研究繼續把紅肉分成新鮮紅肉與加工肉品分開討論,結果得:104名長期HD患者每增加1份加工肉品攝取量,顯著增加收縮壓大於140 mmHg(odds ratio為2.51,95%信賴區間介於1.15及5.47之間,p < 0.05)及舒張壓大於90 mmHg風險(odds ratio為2.10,95%信賴區間介於1.03及4.30之間,p < 0.05);但若是改以1份未加工紅肉取代等量蛋白質含量之加工肉品,則收縮壓大於140 mmHg之風險顯著降低(p < 0.05)。表示新鮮紅肉及加工肉品對於血壓的影響呈相反結果,所以HDEI其中紅肉攝取量部份應區分為新鮮紅肉及加工肉。綜合上論,飲食評量指標需要根據最新的飲食指南及考量影響CVD飲食因子,以加強與糖尿病或HD患者之CVD風險因子之負相關性。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/57460

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