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  5. 食用昆蟲之熱穩定蛋白質特性分析及其抗體開發之應用
 
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食用昆蟲之熱穩定蛋白質特性分析及其抗體開發之應用

Other Title
Characterization of edible insect thermally stable proteins and its application of the development of edible insect-specific antibody
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2023-07-20
Author(s)
陳翊寧
Advisor
陳奕廷
Subjects
系所名稱:食品安全碩士學位學程
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
口試委員:陳玉華 Chen, Yue-Hwa ;侯又禎 Hou, Yu-Chen;陳奕廷 Chen,Yi-Tien
授權範圍:網際網路,開放日期為2028-07-27
Abstract
食用昆蟲具有環境友善與營養價值,因此成為解決未來糧食危機的永續性糧食。2021至2023年麵包蟲(Tenebrio molitor)、家蟋蟀(Acheta domesticus)、蝗蟲(Locusta migratoria)、外米擬步行蟲幼蟲(Alphitobius diaperinus)通過歐盟新穎性食品審查。昆蟲成為新穎食品的同時,臨床研究指出食用昆蟲對於甲殼類與塵螨過敏患者具有潛在的致敏風險。免疫測定法以具專一性的抗體檢測作為標的物的特定蛋白質,免疫測定法已普遍應用於食品過敏原檢測。目前仍無檢測食品中昆蟲成分的免疫測定法,因此本研究著重於昆蟲中熱穩定性蛋白質的特性分析,以此為基礎開發檢測昆蟲的抗體。本實驗以歐盟與各國公告之食用昆蟲作為研究樣本,利用不同食品加工方法分析食用昆蟲蛋白質的熱穩定性,並搭配質譜分析對熱穩定性蛋白質進行身份鑑定。經質譜分析,37 kDa蛋白質鑑定為原肌球蛋白(tropomyosin)。因此本研究以tropomyosin為標的物,開發檢測昆蟲的多株抗體(pAb-I)。所開發的pAb-I具有昆蟲專一性,可辨識所有測試的食用昆蟲樣本,對甲殼動物、軟體動物、魚類及禽畜動物樣本無交叉反應性。其抗原蛋白分布在37~150 kDa間,37 kDa蛋白質為各個昆蟲樣本中的主要抗原蛋白,此37 kDa蛋白質可耐受常見的加工方法(水煮、蒸煮、烘烤、油炸)與長時間加熱處理。以pAb-I檢測添加不同比例昆蟲粉(分別添加家蟋蟀、麵包蟲、蝗蟲的粉末)的食品時,pAb-I可檢測含10 %昆蟲粉的麵條與含10 %蟋蟀粉的加工肉丸,pAb-I對添加家蟋蟀粉末的樣本檢測能力最佳。此外,pAb-I能檢測乾燥、罐頭、煙燻以及烘焙加工食品中的昆蟲成分。根據研究結果,pAb-I具有昆蟲專一性且能檢測食品中昆蟲成分於未來可用於建立檢測昆蟲的免疫檢測法。
URI
https://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/s6j42c
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/10342

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