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  5. N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受體參與調控血腦屏障及血瘤屏障通透性之機制研究
 
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N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受體參與調控血腦屏障及血瘤屏障通透性之機制研究

Other Title
MECHANISMS OF N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR-INVOLVED REGULATION OF PERMEABILITY OF THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER AND THE BLOOD-TUMOR BARRIER
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2017-07-13
Author(s)
陳睿泰
Advisor
陳瑞明
Subjects
系所名稱:臨床醫學研究所
Description
學位別:博士
語文別:英文
指導教授:陳瑞明
口試委員:王家儀;范守仁;陳大樑;吳鋼治
中文關鍵字:血腦屏障;血瘤屏障;鈣離子;N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受體
英文關鍵字:Blood-brain barrier;blood-tumor barrier;calcium;NMDA receptor
Abstract
血腦屏障主要是由特化的內皮細胞排列而成,可保護及維持腦中環境的衡定。腦組織受傷後會誘發腦水腫並釋放大量的麩胺酸。研究顯示麩胺酸經由活化NMDA受體,會引起神經的興奮性毒性,進而促使神經細胞的死亡。然而麩胺酸是否也能破壞血腦屏障進而引起腦水腫,目前尚未明瞭。本實驗以初代培養的小鼠腦內皮細胞為細胞研究模型,發現NMDA受體的次單元GluN1及GLUN2B蛋白存在於小鼠腦內皮細胞。活化NMDA受體後可使細胞內鈣離子增加,降低腦內皮細胞所形成的胞膜電阻,並且抑制封閉蛋白的表現量。其分子機制是透過磷酸化MAPK激酶連鎖反應來進行,同時活化NMDA受體也增加細胞內基質金屬蛋白酶-2/9的表現量。因此,初步細胞實驗證實了內皮細胞上NMDA受體的活化會破壞小鼠腦內皮細胞所形成緊密連結屏障。
臨床上腦膠質瘤常引起腦水腫,且腫瘤組織常分泌高量的麩胺酸。因此利用小鼠腦膠質瘤為動物實驗的模型,首先以免疫組織化學染色來分析膠質原纖維酸性蛋白及表皮生長因子受體的表現量,證實成功建立了小鼠腦膠質瘤組織。檢測結果顯示膠質瘤組織分泌大量麩胺酸,利用螢光抗原抗體實驗,發現膠質瘤組織的血管內有大量NMDA受體的表現,高於正常腦組織。實驗發現膠質瘤組織內的封閉蛋白表現量較少,在共軛焦顯微鏡觀察下,血瘤屏障呈現較不連續的封閉蛋白聚合結構,我們的實驗提供了膠質瘤所引起腦水腫的另一種可能原因。
在腦部損傷的過程中會產生大量的緩激肽,導致血管通透性的改變,因而增加了腦水腫的嚴重度。氯胺酮為NMDA受體的拮抗劑。利用初代培養的小鼠腦內皮細胞模式,發現氯胺酮能抑制緩激肽所導致細胞內鈣離子濃度增加,且減少緩激肽刺激後胞內游離性封閉蛋白增加,進而保護了內皮細胞所建構的胞膜電阻值。本實驗證實了氯胺酮可能經由抑制緩激肽所引起內皮細胞內鈣離子濃度的改變,進而穩定了細胞緊密連結中封閉蛋白的結構。經由這一連串實驗結果,我們認為在腦內皮細胞內的NMDA受體參與了調控血腦屏障通透性的機制。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/57828

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