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  3. .博碩士學位論文
  4. 102學年度
  5. 以細胞外間質-細胞激素導引中胚層幹細胞轉分化為神經外胚層幹細胞
 
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以細胞外間質-細胞激素導引中胚層幹細胞轉分化為神經外胚層幹細胞

Other Title
Extracellular Matrix-Cytokine Guides Transdifferentiation from Mesoderm Stem Cells to Neuroectoderm Stem Cells
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2014-07-29
Author(s)
蔡弘曆
Advisor
賴文福
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學科學研究所
Description
學位別:博士
語文別:中文
指導教授:賴文福
共同指導教授:
口試委員:鄧文炳;林琬琬;陳家進;張恆雄
中文關鍵字:骨髓間葉幹細胞;神經分化;轉分化;神經枝生長
Abstract
間葉幹細胞在特別的條件下可以分化為神經幹細胞。然而對於確切的調控機制,尚未明朗。對於胚胎發育與成熟個體的組織恆定,Wnt一直扮演重要角色。先前報告指出,Wnt有能力調控神經幹細胞及前驅細胞的身經分化如軸突樹突的生長與突觸形成。此外,Tenascin家族中的Tenascin-C與R也能控制多種神經前驅細胞的分化、移動、存活。因此我們假定Wnt與Tenascin將參與在特定的微環境中調控間葉幹細胞的最終神經分化。在Wnt的研究中,Neurotrophins所引起的初步神經化會增加Wnt7a的表現。進一步發現,Wnt7a與Wnt訊號刺激劑─鋰鹽會誘導突觸蛋白Synapsin-1的表現。而此由Wnt所引起的Synapsin-1表現,也會被Wnt抑制劑所抑制。再進一步觀察Wnt7a的效果,發現Wnt7a所引起的神經特化卻不被鋰鹽所刺激,展現出Wnt7a有引起兩種訊號路徑的能力。在Tenascin的研究中,我們將幹細胞培養於兩種主要環境,一是將Tenascin溶於培養基,另一種是將Tenascin先附著於培養盤上再行培養。及時定量PCR分析顯示,Tenascin-C與R同時溶於培養基中能促進神經分化,但是並無法刺激突觸指標的表現。而有趣的是,以Tenascin-C附著的培養盤,能刺激軸突生長與突觸形成。再將幹細胞培養於Tenascin-R與C一起附著的盤上,除了突觸指標增加外,也幫助神經與寡突細胞分化並抑制神經膠細胞分化。此外,功能阻礙實驗也顯示,Integrin α7與α9β1是Tenascin產生功能的主要受器。這些試驗顯示了Wnt7a與Tenascin在間葉幹細胞神經分化的成熟上有關鍵作用。這些資訊也拓展了中胚層幹細胞療法於神經再生醫學上的應用。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/56858

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