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  5. 葡萄糖依賴性促胰島素多肽的神經保護作用研究
 
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葡萄糖依賴性促胰島素多肽的神經保護作用研究

Other Title
The Neuroprotective Effects of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2018-06-19
Author(s)
尤郁雯
Advisor
蔣永孝
王昀
Subjects
系所名稱:神經再生醫學博士學位學程
Description
學位別:博士
語文別:英文
指導教授:蔣永孝
共同指導教授:王昀
口試委員:張丞圭;陳元浩;謝宗勳;周思怡;Barry J. Hoffer
中文關鍵字:葡萄糖依賴性促胰島素多肽、神經退化、輕度腦創傷、巴金森氏症、行為改變、神經發炎
英文關鍵字:Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), neurodegeneration, mild traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s disease, behavioral change, neuroinflammation.
Abstract
神經退化的症狀包含運動、認知、情緒及其他行為上的改變,隨著年紀加劇外,也會由其他突發狀況所誘發,像腦創傷 (traumatic brain injury, TBI) 或腦中風,此已不僅僅是全球性的健康議題,甚已造成社會經濟的嚴重負擔。TBI每年發生率高於腦中風,亦做為急性與慢性神經退化過程中的誘因。TBI患者中以輕度 (mild TBI, mTBI) 比例最高,患者在急性損傷後可能遭受各種長期性神經及精神後遺症,甚至發展成慢性神經退化性疾病如阿茲海默症 (Alzheimer’s disease, AD) 及巴金森氏症 (Parkinson’s disease, PD)。但不管是急性或慢性,至今仍缺乏藥物能改善神經退化所伴隨的症狀,然而,促胰島素相關的藥物在目前已逐漸發展成一新適應症,以抗糖尿病藥物來治療神經退化性疾病。
在本研究計畫,將探討葡萄糖依賴性促胰島素多肽 (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP) 的神經保護作用,其與類升糖素胜肽 (glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1)皆為為腸促胰島素。運用輕度可控制皮質撞擊腦創傷 (mild controlled cortical impact, mCCI) 及顱內注射神經毒6-羥基多巴胺 (6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA) 所誘發之動物疾病模式,討論在神經退化造成的行為改變中,GIP所扮演的角色。在疾病模式建立前兩天,透過ALZET植入式滲透壓膠囊持續並穩定釋放的方式給予GIP治療。針對急性神經退化,我們利用Morris水迷宮 (Morris water maze, MWM) 及辨識新物件 (novel object recognition, NOR) 的方法來驗證GIP治療mTBI大鼠認知作用的假設。進一步再用走平衡木及撕貼紙的方式來檢測mTBI大鼠的感覺運動功能。再者針對慢性神經退化,GIP對6-OHDA所誘發之PD大鼠的神經保護作用,將以鹽酸阿朴嗎啡 (apomorphine) 誘導向損傷的對側轉圈以及開放空間內的活動力與類焦慮行為作檢測。在藥物治療期間的第五天監測大鼠血漿中人類具活性及總GIP的濃度,以酵素連結免疫吸附法 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) 檢測並確立兩者神經退化性疾病動物模式的濃度能合乎臨床轉譯的濃度範圍。最後,我們將利用組織免疫 (immunohistochemistry, IHC) 染色及西方墨點 (western blot, WB) 法來探討在大鼠體內的相關調控機制。
總述,GIP在神經退化性疾病的誘發及進程中,具神經保護作用,能改善mCCI及6-OHDA所誘發之行為缺失。此外,GIP能減少mTBI所引發的神經發炎反應,包含膠質微纖維酸性蛋白質(glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP)、類澱粉前驅蛋白 (amyloid precursor protein, APP) 及染色體X骨髓酪胺酸激酶 (bone marrow tyrosine kinase gene in chromosome X, BMX) 的蛋白質表現。據此,GIP有益於改善神經退化性相關病症,做為此類藥物治療神經退化性疾病之新適應症。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/58164

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