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  5. 輪班與日班者攝食能量及微量營養素攝取量差異之統合分析
 
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輪班與日班者攝食能量及微量營養素攝取量差異之統合分析

Other Title
Energy and micronutrient intakes between shift workers and regular daytime workers: A systemic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2023-01-09
Author(s)
潘亭潔
Advisor
蔡佩珊
Subjects
系所名稱:護理學系碩士班
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
口試委員:蔡佩珊 TSAI, PEI-SHAN ;楊淑惠 YANG, SHWU-HUEY ;吳宥霖 WU, YU-LIN
授權範圍:開放校內, 開放日期為2023-01-18;校外, 開放日期為2028-01-01
Abstract
研究背景:目前全球約有15-30%輪班人口,其相較於日班者暴露於更高的心血管疾病、糖尿病、代謝症候群、腸胃道疾病、骨質疏鬆、癌症及心理障礙等風險。輪班者因暴露於夜間工作而改變了飲食行為,其中的飲食行為改變包含了質與量的變化,輪班者的周邊飲食訊號與中央晝夜節律不一致,導致生理時鐘紊亂而可能增加上述疾病風險。過去研究針對輪班者攝食能量及微量營養素攝取量(鈣、鐵、維生素A、維生素B1、維生素C)是否有異於日班者仍無一致結論。研究目的:探討輪班者與日班者攝食能量及微量營養素攝取量之差異。研究方法:本研究為系統性文獻回顧與統合分析,透過8個中、英文資料庫搜尋文獻至2021年09月29日。研究對象為年滿19歲之全職工作者,研究暴露為規則或不規則的輪班工作,對照組為規則日班工作,研究結果包含攝食能量或微量營養素攝取量。使用美國飲食協會初級研究質量標準清單(The American Dietetic Association’s Quality Criteria Checklist for Primary Research)進行文獻品質評估,並使用Comprehensive Meta-Analysis(CMA) version 3.0(CMA 3.0)套裝統計軟體進行統合分析,以隨機效應模式計算Hedges’ g及信賴區間(confidence interval, CI)評定主要成效指標(攝食能量)及次要成效指標(微量營養素攝取量)的效果量,以Cochran Q及I2值評估異質性,再以次群組分析探討異質性來源,以敏感度分析測試研究綜合效果的穩健性,並以漏斗散佈圖、Egger’s test及trim and fill方法評估出版偏差。研究結果:本研究共納入23篇横斷性研究進行統合分析。針對主要成效指標(攝食能量),研究結果顯示輪班者(shift work)與日班者(regular daytime work)的攝食能量(energy intake)無統計上差異,整體效果量為0.082(95% CI: -0.033 - 0.196, p = .161)。次群組分析結果顯示男性輪班者(shift work) 的攝食能量(energy intake)較男性日班者(regular daytime work)高,其整體效果量為0.168(95% CI: 0.092 - 0.243, p < .001);營養評估工具若使用食物頻率問卷者,則輪班者(shift work) 的攝食能量(energy intake)會較日班者(regular daytime work)高,整體效果量為0.164 (95% CI: 0.019 - 0.308, p = .026)。針對次要成效指標(微量營養素攝取量),輪班者(shift work)與日班者(regular daytime work)的鈣攝取量無統計上差異,整體效果量為-0.107(95% CI: -0.259 - 0.044, p = .166);日班者(regular daytime work)的鐵攝取量較輪班者(shift work)高,整體效果量為-0.155(95% CI: -0.292 - 0.017, p = .027),且年齡越大兩組間鐵攝取量的差距越大 (p < .001);輪班者(shift work)與日班者(regular daytime work)維生素C攝取量無統計上差異,整體效果量為-0.094 (95% CI: -0.202 - 0.014, p = .089);輪班者(shift work) 的維生素B1攝取量較日班者(regular daytime work)高,整體效果量為0.123(95% CI: 0.041 - 0.206, p = .003);輪班者(shift work)的維生素A攝取量較日班者(regular daytime work)低,整體效果量為-0.104(95% CI: -0.168 - 0.041, p = .001)。敏感度分析結果顯示鐵及維生素B1攝取量之結果的穩健性有待商榷。漏斗圖(Funnel plot)及Egger’s regression檢定結果顯示本研究不存在出版偏差。結論:輪班者其攝食能量與日班者無顯著差異,然不同性別及不同營養評估工具可能會影響研究結果,建議未來將研究對象之性別及營養評估工具的選擇納入考量。輪班者鐵及維生素A攝取量低於日班者,但維生素B1攝取量輪班者卻高於日班者。
URI
https://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/9rq2yc
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/10177

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