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  5. OPA1基因突變引發粒線體基因不穩定性以及粒線體核仁構形異常
 
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OPA1基因突變引發粒線體基因不穩定性以及粒線體核仁構形異常

Other Title
OPA1 mutation induced mitochondrial genome instability and mitochondrial nucleoid disorganization
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2015-01-22
Author(s)
陳怡秀
Advisor
高淑慧
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學檢驗暨生物技術學系所
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:高淑慧
共同指導教授:
口試委員:顏美媛;林詠峯
中文關鍵字:顯性遺傳視神經萎縮症;第一型視神經萎縮蛋白;粒線體網路;8-羥基去氧鳥糞嘌呤;粒線體DNA斷損突變;粒線體核仁
英文關鍵字:autosomal dominant optic atrophy;OPA1;mitochondrial network;8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine;mtDNA deletion;mitochondrial nucleoids
Abstract
第一型視神經萎縮蛋白(Optic atrophy type 1, OPA1)蛋白位於粒線體的內膜上,具有 GTPase 的功能,並且調控粒線體動態平衡(dynamic balance)。OPA1 蛋白也参與調控cytochorome c的釋放,進而影響細胞凋亡。當OPA1基因發生突變時,被證實與體染色體顯性遺傳視神經萎縮症(autosomal dominant optic atrophy, ADOA)有關。最近的研究發現在OPA1突變小鼠模式中其抗氧化基因表現被抑制,且增加活性氧自由基(reactive oxygen species)的生成。此外,當抑制(knockdown) OPA1基因 exon 4b時,則引發粒線體DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)減量(depletion)及粒線體核仁(nucleoid)分佈異常。粒線體核仁為粒線體DNA以及一些蛋白質所組成,可幫助粒線體DNA的穩定及複製。因此,我們推測OPA1蛋白突變會增加氧化壓力生成及粒線體核仁分佈異常,進而造成粒線體基因不穩定性(mitochondrial genome instability)。本研究中,我們使用四種不同OPA1基因突變的淋巴球細胞株,並將未發病的家族成員的淋巴球細胞製成細胞株,作為internal control比較。細胞株A3為OPA1基因外顯子10 (exon 10) 突變,細胞株C3為OPA1 基因外顯子12缺失(exon 12 deletion ),細胞株D5為OPA1 基因外顯子 19單胺基酸缺失(one amino acid deletion in exon 19),細胞株E3為OPA1 基因外顯子28點突變(exon 28 point mutation)。在本研究中,我們發現OPA1基因突變的細胞株產生高量的8-羥基去氧鳥糞嘌呤(8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG)生成,粒線體DNA發生基因斷損突變(deletions),以及影響粒線體DNA拷貝數(mitochondrial DNA copy number)。我們利用粒線體DNA免疫沉澱法分析OPA1蛋白與粒線體DNA的結合 (interaction),我們發現OPA1基因突變會減少OPA1蛋白與粒線體DNA的結合作用。Anti-DNA染色觀察粒線體核仁之分佈,發現粒線體核仁(nucleoid)的數量有明顯減少,OPA1基因突變的細胞其粒線體核仁呈現環核分佈(peri-nuclear distribution),正常細胞的核仁為均勻分佈。以免疫沉澱法和西方墨點法用來測定OPA1蛋白與粒線體核仁蛋白(mitochondrial transcription factor, TFAM)的結合作用,也發現OPA1與TFAM的結合減少的情形。並且影響TFAM與prohibitin的結合能力。因此我們推測OPA1基因突變導致粒線體核仁結構異常,進而影響粒線體基因不穩定以及造成呼吸傳遞鏈功能異常。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/57250

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