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  5. 肉豆蔻抗痤瘡之活性成分研究
 
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肉豆蔻抗痤瘡之活性成分研究

Other Title
Anti-acne Principle Constituents of Myristica fragrans Houtt.
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2011-07-20
Author(s)
黃俊瑋
Advisor
王靜瓊
Subjects
系所名稱:生藥學研究所
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:王靜瓊
共同指導教授:
口試委員:呂彥禮;鄭幼文
中文關鍵字:肉豆蔻;痤瘡;抗菌;抗發炎
Abstract
痤瘡又稱為青春痘,是一種在青春期常見的皮膟病症並在皮膟上留下疤痕,往往引起自尊心下降以及憂鬱等不好的影響,且目前尚無較安全及有效的治療方法,因此本研究以抗痤瘡菌為主要活性追蹤,篩選27種中草藥,繼而分離純化其活性成分,結果顯示肉豆蔻50%甲醇萃取物抑制作用較其他中草藥顯著,對金黃色葡萄球菌在10 mg/紙錠下,其抑菌圈直徑為13.5 mm。
肉豆蔻種仁富含揮發油,其中黃樟素及肉豆蔻醚是主要有毒成分,因此利用水蒸氣蒸餾法,得到精油後(essential oils),藥渣再以50%甲醇溶液萃取(MFE-M),兩種萃取物進行抗菌試驗,結果顯示:精油對金黃色葡萄球菌以及痤瘡桿菌的最小抑菌濃度分別為80 % (v/v)和20 % (v/v);而MFE-M萃取物對兩株菌最小抑菌濃度(MIC)皆為0.64 mg/紙錠下。利用抗菌活性追蹤分離具活性之劃分部,以矽膞管柱分離到無抗菌活性的myristicin (1) 及3個有效新木質素類天然物,分別為(+)-erythro-(7S,8R)-Δ8’,3,3’,5’ -trimethoxy -8-O-4’-neolignan (2), (+)-erythro-(7S,8R)-Δ8’,3,3’,4,5’- tetramethoxy -8-O-4’-neolignan (3) 和erythro-Δ8’-7-acetoxy-3,4,3’,5’- tetramethoxy -8-O-4’- neolignan (4)。結果顯示: (2)抑菌活性最強,且對金黃色葡萄球菌及痤瘡桿菌MIC分別為3.12 μg/ml及6.25 μg/ml。進而利用LPS以及熱處理的P. acnes (PA) 誘導RAW 264.7細胞發炎反應,評估(2)-(4)抑制NO、PGE2產生及COX-2、iNOS蛋白表現之作用,結果發現:(2)具有最強的抑制NO生成作用,其IC50分別為11.07 μg/ml(誘導劑:LPS)以及11.53 μg/ml(誘導劑:PA,)。
據結果,MFE-M萃取物具有抗痤瘡之作用,且含有抗痤瘡致病菌及抗發炎活性成分(2),因而分析其內有毒成分黃樟素以及肉豆蔻醚以評估其毒性。結果MFE-M萃取物中肉豆蔻醚為2.47 %、黃樟素0.01 %,而精油中則為2.62 %及4.46 %,表示去精油後之肉豆蔻萃取物,其黃樟素明顯降低。繼而將兩萃取物再進行皮膟單一劑量毒性檢測,將其塗抹於大鼠皮膟,24及48小時後觀察,幾乎不會引起刺激反應。因此,我們發現MFE-M其內黃樟素含量顯著下降、含有抗痤瘡致病菌、抗發炎之活性成分(2),且不具皮膟刺激性,因而推測此萃取物適合開發為抗痤瘡之醫藥用品。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/13464

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