Effects of dietary intake on glucose metabolism and reproductive hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann. Nutr. Metab

Objective: To understand the relationship of dietary intake on glucose metabolism and reproductive hormones in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Taiwan.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: Infertility Center, Taiwan Adventist Hospital.
Patients: Thirty-one patients with PCOS and thirty-six control infertility patients.
Intervention(s): None.
Main Outcomes Measure(s): Hormones assay, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, 24-hour recall and 3-d dietary record.
Results: PCOS patients increased BMI and body fat percentage compared with non-PCOS patients. Significant positive correlations were observed between calorie intake and fasting blood glucose (r = 0.47, P < 0.05), fasting insulin (r = 0.37, P < 0.05), insulin resistance (r = 0.41, P < 0.05). Plasma testosterone concentration was positively correlated with dietary carbohydrate intake (r = 0.40, P < 0.01). Postprandial glucose concentration was positively correlated with dietary fat intake (r = 0.45, P < 0.05).
Conclusions: PCOS women with greater BMI and body fat impair glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Fat and carbohydrate intake is positively correlated with plasma testosterone and postprandial glucose concentrations, respectively.