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  3. .博碩士學位論文
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  5. 廣泛抗藥鮑曼氏不動桿菌流行病學與抗藥性機轉之研究
 
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廣泛抗藥鮑曼氏不動桿菌流行病學與抗藥性機轉之研究

Other Title
Study on the epidemiology and resistant mechanisms of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2015-07-08
Author(s)
陳建源
Advisor
吳雪霞
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學檢驗暨生物技術學系所
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:吳雪霞
共同指導教授:
口試委員:劉明麗;劉俊仁
中文關鍵字:多重抗藥性鮑曼氏不動桿菌;廣泛抗藥性鮑曼氏不動桿菌;泛抗藥性鮑曼氏不動桿菌
英文關鍵字:blaOXA-24/40-like:blaOXA-72;ST512;Multidrug-resistant(MDR);extensively drug-resistant(XDR);pandrug-resistant bacteria(PDR)
Abstract
鮑曼氏不動桿菌(Acinetobacter baumannii)是造成院內群突發感染之主要原因之一。近年來,由於抗生素廣泛使用,廣泛抗藥性鮑曼氏不動桿菌的問題日益受到重視。乙內醯胺類抗生素是現有的抗生素中使用最廣泛的一類,是屬於殺菌型的藥物,所以也最常產生抗藥性的一類藥物。我國區域級以上醫院監測資料顯示加護病房中鮑曼氏不動桿菌對carbapenem類抗生素具抗藥性之比例(carbapenem resistant A. baumannii, CRAB)已由2003年的17%增加至2013年的70%。抗微生物製劑抗藥性增加是一個全球性的問題,儘管各國所面臨的問題內容可能不盡相同。但如何透過監測與資料回饋、抗生素使用管制、或隔離防護等適當的感染控制措施等方式,有效遏止抗微生物製劑抗藥性問題的持續惡化,是全世界共通需要面對的重要課題。本研究自2012年3月13日到2013年12月31日在新北市某部立醫院共收集了184株不重覆,並且符合收案定義的廣泛抗藥性不動桿菌(Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter;XDRA)菌株,就性別而言:男性136位,女性48位。年齡層從30歲到97歲。這些XDRA菌株包括164株(89%) 鮑曼氏不動桿菌(A. baumanii;AB)與20株(11%)非鮑曼氏不動桿菌(Non-A. baumannii;Non-AB),以加護病房佔最多數(35.9%)。藉由抗藥性基因型的分析,XDRAB均帶有blaOXA-51-like,這種基因是公認的被內在位於鮑曼氏不動桿菌菌株;有101株除了帶有blaOXA-51-like之外還帶有blaOXA-23-like (61.6%),有43株帶有blaOXA-51-like與blaOXA-24-like基因(26.2%),8株帶有blaOXA-51-like,blaOXA-23-like以及blaOXA-24-like (4.9%),2株帶有blaOXA-51-like,blaOXA-23-like以及blaOXA-58-like (1.2%)。至於XDR non-AB中有1株帶有blaOXA-24-like (5.0%),有3株帶有blaOXA-58-like基因(15.0%),1株帶有blaOXA-23-like以及blaOXA-58-like (5.0%),2株帶有blaOXA-24-like以及blaOXA-58-like (10.0%)。這些XDRAB菌株所帶有的blaOXA-24-like經確定為blaOXA-72,此型常常與碳青黴烯高抗藥性有相關。本研究提供了關於XDRA的類型和流行率的最新數據,同時我們也提出帶有blaOXA-24-like基因的XDRA在台灣北部出現與傳播的警訊。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/57251

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