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  5. 社區長者跌倒預防知識、信念及行為之研究—以健康信念模式為基礎
 
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社區長者跌倒預防知識、信念及行為之研究—以健康信念模式為基礎

Other Title
The Study of Fall Prevention Knowledge, Belief, & Behavior for Community-Dwelling Elderly—Utilization of the Health Belief Model
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2011-06-22
Author(s)
蕭伃伶
Advisor
張佳琪
Subjects
系所名稱:護理學研究所
Description
學位別:博士
語文別:中文
指導教授:張佳琪
共同指導教授:陳靜敏
口試委員:郭鐘隆;陳適卿;黃惠璣
中文關鍵字:預防跌倒;社區長者;類所羅門研究設計
Abstract
本研究以類所羅門四組實驗研究設計,以健康信念模式為基礎架構,發展「長者跌倒預防行為模式」研究概念模式,介入為期2個月的教育與運動之防跌課程,以探討於社區長者之防跌相關適能和防跌知識、個人信念、行為的成效。
共收案474名社區長者,平均年齡為70.75(SD=7.20)歲,實驗組A(完成前後測)有147人,控制組A(完成前後測)有96人,實驗組B(僅後測)有125人,控制組B(僅後測)為106人,研究工具含基本資料表、簡易身體項目評估表和防跌知識、信念與行為問卷,前測在介入開始的前一週完成,研究介入為2個月內完成12回防跌衛教與運動課程,課程完成後一週進行後測。
結果顯示實驗介入組個案於腰圍(t=-2.07, p=.04)、屈膝起立(t=4.96, p=.000)、上肢柔軟度(χ2=62.86, p=.02)、起身行走(χ2=39.57, p=.000)與平衡(睜眼左足站立χ2=36.35, p=.002)等多項跌倒預防相關適能項目都有顯著改善;於防跌知識(t=4.42, p=.000)、障礙性覺知信念(t=2.21, p=.03)、效能覺知信念(t=2.24, p=.03)、自覺效能(FES)(t=-3.67, p=.000)與採行防跌行為(t=3.48, p=.001)上亦有顯著進步。進一步分析發現防跌行為成效受性別、教育程度、有無配偶、有無工作、有無疾病及有無吸菸等因子之影響。多元回歸分析發現研究的介入是防跌知識、個人信念和防跌行為改善的顯著預測變項,同時,社區長者防跌個人信念愈高者愈能夠採行跌倒預防行為,驗證了以健康信念模式為基礎之「長者跌倒預防行為模式」。本研究結果顯示藉由防跌教育與運動課程之執行,能有效改善社區長者跌倒之危險因素,並加強長者對預防跌倒之認知、信念及行為。期望該介入能有效降低社區長者跌倒事故之發生,進而達到老年健康促進之目標。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/13719

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