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  5. 臺灣腎移植患者營養狀態和飲食策略對心血管疾病危險因子之影響
 
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臺灣腎移植患者營養狀態和飲食策略對心血管疾病危險因子之影響

Other Title
The effect of nutritional status and dietary strategies on cardiovascular disease risk factors in Taiwanese post renal transplant recipients
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2022-06-17
Author(s)
林逸昕
Advisor
楊淑惠
Subjects
系所名稱:保健營養學系博士班
Publisher
保健營養學系博士班
Description
口試委員:陳冠興 Chen, GUANG-HSING;黃惠宇 Huang, Hui-Yu ;趙振瑞 CHAO, CHEN-JUI;劉珍芳 LIU, JEN-FA;楊淑惠 YANG, SHWU-HUEY
網際網路,開放日期為2022-07-13
Abstract
心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease, CVD)是導致移植術後死亡率增加及移植腎臟功能降低的主要原因。隨著腎臟移植術後飲食限制放寬且自覺健康狀況良好(Chan et al., 2014),不僅容易有肥胖、血糖、血脂異常與慢性發炎反應等營養代謝紊亂問題,更是導致CVD的重要危險因子(Sarnak, 2003)。良好的飲食包含足夠飲食種類與營養素攝取,能改善甚至預防CVD風險(Garcia-Layana et al., 2017)。飲食評量指標為結合飲食與營養素之評估工具,不僅可以反應食物及營養素的量與品質(Juan, Guenther, & Kott, 2008; Rehm, Monsivais, & Drewnowski, 2011),亦可預測疾病風險(McCullough & Willett, 2006)。然而,腎臟移植普及率遠低於透析治療,不僅鮮少腎臟移植術後營養相關臨床研究,更缺乏腎臟移植術後飲食營養相關研究與建議。本次研究目的擬參考澳洲營養學會(Dietitian Association Australia, DAA)提出成人腎臟移植監測指南(Nutritional management of adult kidney transplant recipients)、美國腎臟基金會(National Kidney Fundation, NKF)提出腎臟疾病臨床實踐指南(Kidney disease outcomes quality initiative, K/DOQI)與臺灣衛生福利部(Ministry of Health and Welfare, MOHW)提出國人膳食攝取參考建議量(dietary reference intakes, DRIs)等建議定義各項營養素攝取足夠之標準,分析臺灣本土RTRs飲食營養素攝取遵從度現況、足夠飲食營養素攝取、飲食評量指標總分與CVD風險之相關性。本研究以橫斷性研究(cross-sectional study),經評估腎臟移植術後營養評估,探討飲食因子與CVD危險因子之相關性。經財團法人長庚紀念醫院人體試驗倫理委員會通過後進行試驗說明,並取得簽署同意書後收案。於2016年9月開始進行,招募年滿20歲,術後穩定(三個月內無急性排斥或感染發生)之受試者,共106位。排除二次以上移植或併有其他器官移植、明顯水腫、懷孕、截肢、甲狀腺亢進或低下、罹患惡性腫瘤。以病患自我紀錄3天飲食資料,於營養門診測量體組成、並以面對面會談收集身體活動量與核對飲食紀錄內容;基本資料與血液生化數值以病歷回溯收集。結果為受試者之整體飲食遵從度低,足夠飲食營養素攝取與較高之飲食評量指標分數有較低CVD風險。本研究結果可作為臺灣本土腎臟移植患者飲食營養評估之現況分析與預防RTRs術後CVD之臨床營養研究基礎。
URI
https://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/74g6uy
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/10683

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