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  5. 比較分析末期腎病患者接種 COVID-19 疫苗後之抗體醣基化特徵
 
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比較分析末期腎病患者接種 COVID-19 疫苗後之抗體醣基化特徵

Other Title
Comparative Analysis of Antibody Glycosylation Profiles in COVID-19 Vaccine Recipients among End-Stage Renal Disease Patients
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2025-07-08
Author(s)
游凱棠
Advisor
蔡伊琳  
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學科學研究所碩士班
Publisher
醫學科學研究所碩士班
Description
學位別:碩士
口試委員:蔡伊琳; 王三源; 陳宏霖
關鍵字:末期腎病、抗體醣基化、COVID-19 疫苗、效應功能
Abstract
人類血漿中的免疫球蛋白為由B淋巴細胞產生的醣蛋白,在適應性免疫中扮演重要角色。其中IgG為最主要的類型,具備中和病原體與調節免疫效應的功能。抗體恆定區 (Fc) 上的醣基化為一種重要的轉譯後修飾,能影響其與免疫細胞表面接受器 (FcR) 的親和性,進而調控多種效應功能 (effector function),包含抗體依賴性細胞毒殺作用 (ADCC)、抗體依賴性細胞吞噬作用(ADCP)以及補體沉積。這種修飾也普遍存在於IgM和IgA中,分別對早期免疫反應及黏膜防禦具潛在影響力。末期腎病 (ESRD) 患者因尿毒症導致免疫功能低下,面臨較高的COVID-19感染與重症風險,並且對SARS-CoV-2疫苗的免疫反應較弱,保護力也衰退較快。雖然已有研究指出,透析患者於第四劑疫苗接種後抗體醣基化出現顯著變化,但對於個體差異,特別是疫苗無反應者 (non-responder) 之相關特徵,仍缺乏深入探討。儘管目前COVID-19疫情已趨緩,對於高風險族群而言,鑑別疫苗反應的早期預測指標,在應對未來病毒變異株以及發展個人化的疫苗策略仍具重要意義。
本研究針對接受第一劑COVID-19疫苗的ESRD患者,探討responder與non-responder之間抗原特異性抗體Fc區醣基化的差異,並分析其對功能性免疫反應ADCC與ADCP的影響。結果顯示,IgG1 fucosylation、digalactosylation和sialylation在responder中顯著上升;而IgG1 monogalactosylation和bisecting GlcNAc則在non-responder中顯著增加。此外,IgG1 fucosylation與ADCC、ADCP呈顯著負相關,而bisecting GlcNAc和monogalactosylation則與兩者呈正相關。半乳糖相關醣型在兩組間變異性較大, 其中non-responder中較多與ADCC相關,responder中則是較多與ADCP相關。本研究結果顯示,responder與non-responder在IgG1醣基化型態及其相關免疫功能上呈現顯著差異,凸顯這些醣基變化除了作為預測疫苗反應的生物標記外,還主動調控抗體的效應功能,即使在抗體產生有限的個體中也能發揮作用,對高風險族群的免疫分層與個人化疫苗策略具有重要參考價值。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/9382

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