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  5. 探討某醫學中心使用高劑量colistin與腎毒性的相關性及危險因子分析
 
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探討某醫學中心使用高劑量colistin與腎毒性的相關性及危險因子分析

Other Title
Evaluation of Nephrotoxicity Associated with High-dose Colistin at a Tertiary Medical Center
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2017-06-19
Author(s)
張美惠
Advisor
陳香吟
Subjects
系所名稱:藥學系(碩博士班)
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:陳香吟
口試委員:呂學重;邵于宣
中文關鍵字:高劑量colistin;腎毒性;危險因子
英文關鍵字:high-dose colistin;nephrotoxicity;risk factors
Abstract
研究背景及動機:多重抗藥性及carbapenem抗藥性革蘭氏陰性菌造成的院內感染日益嚴重,colistin是治療這些抗藥菌種最後一線的藥物。臨床研究建議嚴重感染及重症病人以高劑量colistin治療,然而建議劑量仍未有一致標準,且colistin之腎毒性與劑量相關。

目的:探討colistin引發急性腎損傷與否,其劑量使用是否有差異;急性腎損傷的發生率、嚴重度、危險因子及預後;了解高劑量及一般建議劑量colistin的使用現況;分析高劑量及一般建議劑量引發急性腎損傷發生是否具差異性;了解加護病房重症病人使用高劑量colistin是否增加急性腎損傷。

方法:採回溯性世代研究,自2012/02/01~2016/01/31間符合收案條件為大於18歲、使用靜脈注射colisin大於48小時之病人,依RIFLE criteria將病人分成有腎毒及無腎毒性組,分析colistin劑量與腎損傷的發生率及危險因子。次分組依EMA、FDA 及Garonzik建議劑量,比較高劑量及一般建議劑量組,在急性腎損傷是否有差異。並使用multivariate logistic regression analysis分析腎毒性之相關危險因子、Cox proportional hazard 模型分析高劑量colistin的腎毒性發生率及死亡率分析。

結果:本研究共納入285人,依RIFLE分級,發生腎毒性者共134人(47.1%),risk (13.0%), injury (17.2%), failure (16.8%),經多變量邏輯式回歸分析,年齡(OR 1.03,P=0.005)、每日量(OR1.39,P=0.001)、低白蛋白血症(OR 0.45,P=0.04)為腎毒性發生之危險因子;Cox-regression analysis分析高劑量colistin增加重症病人腎毒性發生率(HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.14-3.56; P=0.015),但不會影響三十天死亡率(HR 1.01,95% CI 0.55-1.84;P=0.964)。

結論: 發生腎毒性者平均使用colistin劑量較無腎毒性者高,危險因子包括年齡、每日量、低白蛋白血,重症病人使用高劑量colistin不會增加三十天內死亡率,但可能增加腎毒性,應小心監測腎功能及調整劑量。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/57996

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