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  2. .TMU Publications / 北醫出版品(教師升等著作 / 教學實踐 / 學位論文)
  3. .博碩士學位論文
  4. 112學年度
  5. 臺灣HPV疫苗受害救濟實務與法律問題分析
 
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臺灣HPV疫苗受害救濟實務與法律問題分析

Other Title
Analysis of Taiwan's HPV Vaccine Compensation Practices and Legal Issues
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2024-06-27
Author(s)
高瑀彤
Advisor
何建志
Subjects
系所名稱:醫療暨生物科技法律研究所碩士班
Publisher
醫療暨生物科技法律研究所碩士班
Description
學位別:碩士
關鍵字:預防接種救濟; 不良反應; 因果關係; 特別犧牲; 舉證責任分配
論文公開日期:2024-07-16
Abstract
本文研究臺灣HPV疫苗接種及受害救濟制度現狀,分析相關醫學、法律爭議,並提出本文件見解。根據文獻分析法及案例研究法,本文參考醫學、法學文獻及臺灣司法判決案例,發現醫學界及法學界對HPV疫苗風險認知有落差。

在醫學方面,本文地毯式搜尋PubMed資料庫,發現國內、外研究大多指出HPV疫苗相當安全並肯定接種政策。除了輕微不良反應,多數醫學研究並未發現HPV疫苗嚴重副作用,即使在接種後少數個案出現不良事件,也無法確定這些不良事件與HPV疫苗之間存在明確因果關係。即使如此,某些醫學文獻還是指出HPV疫苗曾出現較嚴重不良事件,包括:抗NMDA受體腦炎、風濕性關節炎、幼年特發性關節炎、特發性血小板減少性紫癜、甲狀腺毒症、急性腎小管間質性腎炎、伴隨可逆性胼胝體壓部病變的輕度腦病變、眼部重症肌無力、葡萄膜炎、早發性卵巢功能衰竭、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、神經炎症、姿勢性心搏過速症候群。

而在臺灣,曾有HPV疫苗接種者出現「風濕性關節炎」、「幼年特發性關節炎」等不良事件,也就是俗稱「痛痛女孩」的症狀。臺灣「衛生福利部預防接種受害救濟審議小組」否認痛痛女孩的症狀與HPV疫苗有關,因此駁回救濟申請。但臺灣行政法院判決則認為應給予救濟,主要政策理由是法院認定接種公費疫苗屬於特別犧牲而應獲得補償,因此放寬疫苗傷害因果關係認定標準。本文認為,雖然接種疫苗具有公益性,但接種者也因此增加免疫保護力,不完全屬於「特別犧牲」。關於如何面對、因應HPV疫苗風險,以及如何保護接種者健康,較妥善方案是在接種前完整揭露所有可能副作用或不良反應,提供接種者知情同意選擇機會,而不宜無限制放寬疫苗接種受害救濟範圍。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/9595

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