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  5. 探討DDX3調控的粒線體恆定在乳癌發展中之角色與潛在機制
 
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探討DDX3調控的粒線體恆定在乳癌發展中之角色與潛在機制

Other Title
Investigating the Role and Underlying Mechanisms of DDX3-Mediated Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Breast Cancer Progression
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2025-06-26
Author(s)
許文瀞
Advisor
林政緯
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學科學研究所博士班
Publisher
醫學科學研究所博士班
Description
學位別:博士
口試委員:張文昌; 周玉山; 李岳倫; 王琬菁; 林政緯
關鍵字:PRMT1、DDX3、PINK1、DRP1、粒線體自噬、粒線體動態、脂肪酸氧化、乳癌轉移
Abstract
腫瘤復發與轉移是長久以來造成癌症患者惡化的主要因素,而腫瘤微環境中的癌幹細胞則是造成治療抗藥性並導致癌症轉移的關鍵角色。近年有研究顯示粒線體代謝與動態平衡的失調在腫瘤發展過程中扮演著重要的角色。具幹細胞特性之轉移腫瘤細胞傾向利用粒線體代謝途徑以滿足能量需求,使其能夠在不利的環境壓力下存活、定殖並發展成遠端器官轉移,因此找尋調控代謝重整的生物標誌物將有益於腫瘤轉移的診斷治療。在本研究中,我們首先建立自發性乳癌轉移的原位小鼠模型,並發現protein arginine methyltransferase 1-DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box helicase 3, X-linked (PRMT1-DDX3) 路徑在轉移性乳癌細胞中顯著上調。此路徑透過調節粒線體生物合成與粒線體自噬的平衡以控管粒線體品質,進而促進乳癌的轉移。在機制層面上,PRMT1在DDX3的R88以及R93位點催化不對稱之精胺酸雙甲基化修飾,使DDX3蛋白穩定並避免其被蛋白酶體降解。在環境壓力刺激下,DDX3轉位至粒線體上與phosphatase and tensin homology-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) mRNA的5’-untranslated region (UTR) 與3’-UTR結合並招募真核轉譯起始因子以促進PINK1的轉譯,驅使粒線體自噬增加,腫瘤細胞因而能抵抗粒線體的氧化壓力並得以存活,進而增強幹細胞特性以及轉移潛力。除此之外,我們進一步發現DDX3可透過與dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) 以及cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) 之間的蛋白相互作用促進粒線體分裂,並且促使富含脂肪酸的轉移性乳癌細胞可藉由利用粒線體中的脂肪酸氧化代謝途徑以產生能量,進而鞏固乳癌幹細胞特性並促進轉移。在機制層面上,脂肪酸刺激誘導DDX3易位至粒線體與DRP1及CDK1相互作用並形成蛋白複合物,其扮演伴護蛋白角色促進CDK1依賴性的DRP1 S616磷酸化,促使粒線體分裂並進而增強脂肪酸氧化代謝途徑的利用。抑制DDX3則導致粒線體的生合成與粒線體自噬減少、降低粒線體結構的碎片化並且減損粒線體的代謝路徑,從而造成乳癌癌幹細胞特性以及腫瘤轉移能力顯著降低,這強調了DDX3調控粒線體平衡在乳癌發展中的重要性。綜合上述,本研究不僅揭示了DDX3在粒線體代謝與品質控制上的多重調控角色,亦進一步闡明其如何協助乳癌腫瘤細胞建立代謝彈性以促進轉移過程。總結而言,本研究首次系統性地描述PRMT1-DDX3-PINK1與DDX3-CDK1-DRP1兩大路徑於轉移性乳癌細胞中的分子調控機制,此發現揭示了DDX3所調控之線粒體恆定性促進轉移的詳細機制,更凸顯了DDX3作為潛在的診斷生物標誌與治療靶點的臨床應用潛力,同時亦強調了轉移性乳癌的代謝脆弱性,為治療乳癌轉移提供了一個新穎的治療手段與策略。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/9451

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