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  5. 我國養菇場及蔬菜園勞工之細菌生物氣膠暴露與健康影響
 
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我國養菇場及蔬菜園勞工之細菌生物氣膠暴露與健康影響

Other Title
Bacterial bioaerosol exposure and health effects of the workers in mushroom and vegetable farms in Taiwan
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2016-06-21
Author(s)
鍾家宜
Advisor
趙馨
Subjects
系所名稱:公共衛生學系暨研究所
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:趙馨
共同指導教授:
口試委員:張立德;陳叡瑜
中文關鍵字:生物氣膠;個人暴露評估;生物性職業危害
英文關鍵字:bioaerosols;personal exposure assessment;biological occupational hazard
Abstract
農業是我國的重要產業之一,勞工人數眾多,其職業暴露問題跟健康危害非常值得關注。生物氣膠廣泛存在於空氣中,可能造成感染、過敏、毒性反應等健康危害,為相當重要的職業及環境衛生問題,但由於生物氣膠種類複雜、缺乏適當的標準化採樣分析方法,且我國針對農業的生物氣膠暴露調查並不多,故本研究針對我國兩類重要農業(養菇場及蔬菜園)的勞工進行細菌生物氣膠暴露評估,以瞭解其暴露特性及可能健康危害。本研究針對二家養菇場及三家蔬菜園進行調查,工作場所細菌生物氣膠(包括細菌及內毒素)的個人暴露評估及區域採樣使用IOM sampler搭配polycarbonate濾紙進行,勞工的健康情形則利用問卷調查及肺功能測量評估。研究結果發現,五家職場勞工個人細菌生物氣膠暴露平均濃度範圍為:可培養細菌8.09103–3.67104 CFU/m3,內毒素49–2.87103 EU/m3,總細菌6.95105–1.08107 Cells/m3;其中有67%受訪勞工的內毒素暴露濃度高於荷蘭的八小時職業暴露建議值90 EU/m3。各家職場可培養細菌及內毒素的個人暴露濃度皆高於區域採樣濃度( p = 0.2188; p = 0.0313 ),總細菌濃度則沒有明顯差異( p = 0.1563 )。大部份的受訪工作者在工作時會穿著工作衣、專用工作鞋、戴手套,工作完會洗手;受訪工作者的數項平均肺功能(PEF、FEV1%、FEF25、FEF50及FEF75)測量結果在工作後下降。根據多變項迴歸分析的結果,勞工肺功能與細菌生物氣膠濃度、工作年資、是否佩戴口罩有顯著相關。在養菇場造成高濃度細菌生物氣膠暴露的主要工作為混料及包裝,蔬菜園為採菜、包裝及整地。從事高生物氣膠暴露的工作項目時,建議可適當使用個人防護具以減少生物氣膠的暴露。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/57413

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