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Regional Mortality Burden of Chronic Liver Diseases Attributable to Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Africa from 1990 to 2021
Other Title
Regional Mortality Burden of Chronic Liver Diseases Attributable to Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Africa from 1990 to 2021
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2024-07-08
Author(s)
ABDIKANI AHMED ABDI
Advisor
黃崇謙
Subjects
系所名稱：醫務管理學系碩士班
Publisher
醫務管理學系碩士班
Description
學位別：碩士
關鍵字：Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus; Chronic Liver Disease; Mortality
論文公開日期：2024-07-17
關鍵字：Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus; Chronic Liver Disease; Mortality
論文公開日期：2024-07-17
Abstract
Background: The burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) deaths attributable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a significant global health challenge. Despite advancements in prevention and treatment, the precise extent of this burden, particularly in African regions has not yet been explored, necessitating further studies to accurately quantify the impact of HBV and HCV on CLD mortality rates.
Objectives: To understand the mortality burden of chronic liver diseases (CLD) due to HBV and HCV infections in African countries at regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021, and to investigate what are the significant demographic factors affecting them.
Method: An ecological study spanning 1990 to 2021 across 47 African countries was conducted using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. This study assessed the mortality burden of chronic liver diseases attributable to hepatitis B and C by estimating death cases and age-standardized mortality rates (ASDR) for chronic liver disease (CLD). Mortality of chronic liver diseases including cancer and cirrhosis was further classified into four distinct groups 1. Liver cancer due to Hepatitis C, 2. Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to Hepatitis C, 3. Liver cancer due to Hepatitis B, and 4. Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to Hepatitis B. Data were obtained from the GBD Result Tool, employing the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to predict mortality rates.
Results: The burden of liver cancer and cirrhosis attributable to hepatitis B and C in African regions has shown complex trends over three decades (1990-2021). While total cases have generally increased, age-adjusted rates have seen declines, with some variability across regions. Males had the highest burden than females across all categories. Central and Western Africa have generally experienced reductions in burden, whereas Southern Africa has shown mixed trends with some increases. High-income regions have presented the lowest burdens and achieved greater rate reductions compared to middle and low-income regions.
Conclusions: This study underscores significant strides in reducing age-adjusted rates of chronic liver diseases linked to HBV and HCV in African regions. Despite progress, challenges persist, notably in low-income and high-burden areas. Addressing these challenges demands continued public health interventions, enhanced healthcare infrastructure, and equitable resource allocation to sustain advancements in managing and preventing liver diseases across Africa.
Objectives: To understand the mortality burden of chronic liver diseases (CLD) due to HBV and HCV infections in African countries at regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021, and to investigate what are the significant demographic factors affecting them.
Method: An ecological study spanning 1990 to 2021 across 47 African countries was conducted using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. This study assessed the mortality burden of chronic liver diseases attributable to hepatitis B and C by estimating death cases and age-standardized mortality rates (ASDR) for chronic liver disease (CLD). Mortality of chronic liver diseases including cancer and cirrhosis was further classified into four distinct groups 1. Liver cancer due to Hepatitis C, 2. Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to Hepatitis C, 3. Liver cancer due to Hepatitis B, and 4. Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to Hepatitis B. Data were obtained from the GBD Result Tool, employing the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to predict mortality rates.
Results: The burden of liver cancer and cirrhosis attributable to hepatitis B and C in African regions has shown complex trends over three decades (1990-2021). While total cases have generally increased, age-adjusted rates have seen declines, with some variability across regions. Males had the highest burden than females across all categories. Central and Western Africa have generally experienced reductions in burden, whereas Southern Africa has shown mixed trends with some increases. High-income regions have presented the lowest burdens and achieved greater rate reductions compared to middle and low-income regions.
Conclusions: This study underscores significant strides in reducing age-adjusted rates of chronic liver diseases linked to HBV and HCV in African regions. Despite progress, challenges persist, notably in low-income and high-burden areas. Addressing these challenges demands continued public health interventions, enhanced healthcare infrastructure, and equitable resource allocation to sustain advancements in managing and preventing liver diseases across Africa.