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  5. 柬埔寨學童頭蝨之抗藥性kdr基因突變與帶菌分析
 
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柬埔寨學童頭蝨之抗藥性kdr基因突變與帶菌分析

Other Title
Identification of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations and bacteria analysis of Head Lice on Primary School Children in Cambodia
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2022-06-16
Author(s)
蔡沛霓
Advisor
廖建維
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學科學研究所碩士班
Publisher
醫學科學研究所碩士班
Description
口試委員:廖建維 LIAO, CHEIN-WEI;范家堃 FAN, CHIA-KWUNG;張偉嶠 CHANG, WEI-CHIAO
網際網路,開放日期為2022-07-11
Abstract
柬埔寨的氣候和環境都符合頭蝨(Pediculus humanus capitis)的生長,因此在當地仍然是一個相當常見的健康問題之一。然而,當地對於頭蝨相關的文獻卻非常稀少,而從2015年寒假開始我們的研究團隊前往柬埔寨當地與馬德望省的四所小學(Dontri、Kon Ka-ek、Poupir和Tuol Prum Muoy)進行合作,除了採集檢體外,也一邊搭配問卷調查,統整資料後於2019年發表相關論文。
本研究則注重於柬埔寨孩童頭蝨的抗藥性基因分型和帶菌的分析。首先,統計分析頭蝨隻數的感染率以及相關的危險因子,而近幾年來因為大量使用化學性殺蟲劑,使得頭蝨細胞內的電位敏感性鈉離子通道的殺蟲劑結合位突變基因Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Mutation已在許多國家被廣泛發現,但目前並沒有任何有關於柬埔寨抗藥性頭蝨的研究和分佈情況,經過我們的分析,柬埔寨帶有此kdr mutation為80.1%,接著透過SspI 限制酶進行RFLP分型實驗,綜合三期的比例,分別為:Homozygous susceptible (SS)約為41.8%;Heterozygous (RS)約為53.9%;Homozygous resistant (RR)約為4.3%,最後結合問卷的分析,了解到抗藥性基因的出現除了和地緣有關係之外,主要也和自身的清潔習慣相關。
根據參考文獻,頭蝨可作為細菌的載體對宿主造成嚴重的疾病,間接地威脅宿主的性命,例如Rickettsia prowazekii、Bartonella quintana、Acinetobacter baumannii和 Borrelia recurrentis等,像R. prowazekii 會引起Epidemic typhus,我們主要使用即時聚合酶反應 (qPCR) 來檢測頭蝨是否攜帶這四種細菌,然而可能因為交通運送,造成保存不佳,導致最終並沒有在柬埔寨的頭蝨內發現這些細菌基因。
透過結合危險性因子的分析和此研究的結果,未來將可以以此論文研究結果為方向,制定出更適合此地區狀況的防疫政策。
URI
https://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/m2ud79
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/10666

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