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A global analysis of COVID-19 infection fatality rate and its associated factors during the Delta and Omicron variant periods: an ecological study.
Other Title
A global analysis of COVID-19 infection fatality rate and its associated factors during the Delta and Omicron variant periods: an ecological study.
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2023-05-30
Author(s)
NGUYEN THI HONG NHI
Advisor
黃崇謙
Subjects
系所名稱：醫務管理學系碩士班
Description
學位別：碩士
語文別：英文
口試委員：石崇良 Shih, Chung-Liang;黃崇謙 Chung-Chien Huang;許明暉 Min-Huei Hsu
授權範圍：網際網路,開放日期為2023-06-08
語文別：英文
口試委員：石崇良 Shih, Chung-Liang;黃崇謙 Chung-Chien Huang;許明暉 Min-Huei Hsu
授權範圍：網際網路,開放日期為2023-06-08
Abstract
Background: As new variants keep emerging, it is essential for governments to monitor pandemic parameters and navigate proper COVID-19 control solutions effectively and rapidly.
Objectives: Our study aimed to compare COVID-19 average weekly infection fatality rate (AWIFR) and investigate factors related to COVID-19 AWIFR during periods of Delta and Omicron variant dominances.
Methods: This was an ecological study of 110 countries throughout the first 12 weeks of Delta and Omicron periods. Multivariable linear mixed-effect models and multivariate linear regression models were employed to determine the factors associated with AWIFR.
Conclusions: In Delta period, countries with high levels of vaccination and government effectiveness indices showed lower AWIFR. Higher burden of cardiovascular diseases was positively linked to AWIFR. In Omicron period, while years lived with disability (YLDs) caused by metabolism disorders, proportion of the population aged over 65 were positively associated with poorer AWIFR, high proportion of the population vaccinated with a booster dose was linked with the better outcome. Over two periods, the increase in government effectiveness index was associated with decrease of AWIFR, higher death rates caused by diabetes and kidney and percentage of population aged over 65 were associated with a significant increase in AWIFR.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 infection fatality rates was associated with vaccination coverage rate, government effectiveness index, and health burden related to chronic diseases. Therefore, governments should implement appropriate policies to significant alleviate the burden of COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19, Variants, Delta, Omicron, Vaccine, NPIs.
Objectives: Our study aimed to compare COVID-19 average weekly infection fatality rate (AWIFR) and investigate factors related to COVID-19 AWIFR during periods of Delta and Omicron variant dominances.
Methods: This was an ecological study of 110 countries throughout the first 12 weeks of Delta and Omicron periods. Multivariable linear mixed-effect models and multivariate linear regression models were employed to determine the factors associated with AWIFR.
Conclusions: In Delta period, countries with high levels of vaccination and government effectiveness indices showed lower AWIFR. Higher burden of cardiovascular diseases was positively linked to AWIFR. In Omicron period, while years lived with disability (YLDs) caused by metabolism disorders, proportion of the population aged over 65 were positively associated with poorer AWIFR, high proportion of the population vaccinated with a booster dose was linked with the better outcome. Over two periods, the increase in government effectiveness index was associated with decrease of AWIFR, higher death rates caused by diabetes and kidney and percentage of population aged over 65 were associated with a significant increase in AWIFR.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 infection fatality rates was associated with vaccination coverage rate, government effectiveness index, and health burden related to chronic diseases. Therefore, governments should implement appropriate policies to significant alleviate the burden of COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19, Variants, Delta, Omicron, Vaccine, NPIs.