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  5. 結核分枝桿菌特異性分泌蛋白(RD1-RD3)抗原快速檢測方法之評估
 
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結核分枝桿菌特異性分泌蛋白(RD1-RD3)抗原快速檢測方法之評估

Other Title
Evaluation of the rapid test detecting specific secretory protein (RD1-RD3) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2018-01-04
Author(s)
賴世遠
Advisor
吳雪霞
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學檢驗暨生物技術學系所
Description
學位別:碩士
語文別:中文
指導教授:吳雪霞
口試委員:林靜宜;李麗花
中文關鍵字:結核分枝桿菌;快速檢測
英文關鍵字:Mycobacterium tuberculosis;rapid test
Abstract
結核病(Tuberculosis, TB)是全球最普遍也是高死亡率的傳染病之一。全世界約有三分之一的人口存在著潛伏性的感染,根據世界衛生組織(World Health Organization, WHO)的估計,2015 年全球感染結核病之新增病例人數約有一千零四十萬例,死於結核病的人數為一百八十萬人,包括四十萬人為愛滋病感染者。因此,在愛滋患者日益增長的趨勢下,早期的診斷與治療是控制疾病的關鍵。目前結核病臨床的診斷方法有痰液塗片抗酸性染色檢查(Acid-Fast stain, AFS)、結核分枝桿菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MTB)培養鑑定、結核菌素皮膚試驗(Tuberculin skin test, TST)、丙型干擾素釋放試驗(Interferon-γ Release Assay, IGRA)和肺結核 PCR/Gene probe等試驗。另外,病理和胸部X光檢查也是輔助診斷的工具,但都有其限制,如報告時效、成本控制、操作複雜度、測試之敏感度和特異性等。本研究的目的是利用偵測結核分枝桿菌具有的特異性分泌蛋白(RD1-RD3),所發展出來的快速檢測試驗,與目前臨床的痰液塗片抗酸性染色檢查與結核分枝桿菌培養鑑定結果做比對,評估其檢驗效能。結果顯示,結核抗原快速篩檢檢測的敏感性和特異性,分別為50.0%及76.5%,偽陽性為23.5%,偽陰性為50.0%,另陽性預測值(Positive Predictive Value, PPV)為10.9%,陰性預測值(Negative Predictive Value, NPV)為96.4%,整體檢測的準確度為75.0%。結核抗原快速篩檢試驗是一個簡單、快速且有效的診斷工具,可直接從痰液中檢測MTB的感染,降低病患等待治療的時間,可以做為結核病高危險群初診的臨床篩檢試驗,尤其對抗酸性染色陰性患者的診斷更為重要,提供醫護人員另一項檢測的參考。研究成果沒有達到預期的表現,未來對於結核抗原快速篩檢試驗偽陽性的改善,以及重組抗原專一性的提升,需進一步的改良。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/58313

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