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  5. 以『臨床警示及決策支援系統』降低顯影劑誘發腎病變的機率
 
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以『臨床警示及決策支援系統』降低顯影劑誘發腎病變的機率

Other Title
Utilizing Clinical Decision Support System to Reduce the Incidence of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Type
thesis
Date Issued
2006
Author(s)
蔡宗佑
Advisor
李友專
Subjects
系所名稱:醫學資訊研究所
Abstract
CONTEXT:「腎功能不全」是顯影劑誘發腎病變(CIN)最重要的獨立危險因子,若將顯影劑注射於腎功能不全病患,可能引發腎臟病變。然而例行顯影性檢查時,可能因把關疏忽而導致此不良事件。決策支援系統可以偵測醫師排檢行為並減少醫療疏失。 PURPOSE:在先導研究中,先檢視例行顯影檢查流程,定義出潛在不良事件的風險種類。再由回溯性定量分析,測量潛在不良事件的發生頻率。並對醫師進行問卷調查,分析檢查流程的缺陷及醫師可接受的加強安全方式。在主要研究中,建立一個目的在「降低將顯影劑注射到腎功能不全患者之機率」的臨床決策支援系統,並評估其降低「潛在CIN風險」的效果及使用者評價。 INTERVENTION:建立一個「Anti-CIN」決策支援系統,架構在電腦醫令系統中,於醫師開立檢查時,對潛在CIN風險病人即時跳出警示,並提供決策支援。 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:「CIN高風險」病人,在醫令系統定義血清Creatinine濃度大於 1.4 mg/dL為提示臨界值,「風險不明」之可能有害事件,意指在顯影檢查前未曾檢驗腎功能。 DESIGN AND SETTINGS:2006年2至4月為介入實驗期,令「Anti-CIN系統」運作三個月,而2003年1月至2005年12月為無介入的對照期間。 RESULTS:實驗組在三個月中,共有1,308筆嘗試由電腦醫令安排的顯影檢查,49筆因Anti-CIN的警示而取消,其中30筆為CIN高風險病人-13筆是在警示時立即由醫令系統取消;另17筆原無腎功能報告,經提示,加驗腎功能後發現腎功能異常,最後取消檢查。這分別說明了系統的直接阻擋效應(13)與間接阻擋效應(17)。在醫師排檢時,由系統偵測到的高風險與風險不明病人比例,在門診6.2% vs. 52%,住院18.6% vs. 12.3%。面對門診的高風險病人,高達67.3%的醫師承認在開單時不知病人為高風險,經提示後,有38.5%的檢查被取消。對原未驗腎功能的病人,提示後22.5%決定加驗腎功能。若比較對照期間與介入期間「已完成」的顯影檢查,其總數各為10,761 vs. 1,015,系統介入後,在顯影檢查前有驗腎功能的比例在門診由49.8%上升到62%,統計極端顯著(p < 0.001)。在住院部門,介入後風險分佈的改變並不顯著(p=0.243) CONCLUSIONS:在系統介入後,Anti-CIN對門診病人的保護作用較大。對高風險者的取消檢查效應與風險不明者的加驗腎功能效應,可減少因醫療疏失所導致的顯影劑腎毒性,進而提高病患安全。
URI
https://203.71.86.71/handle/123456789/12413
https://hdl.handle.net/11296/suf86y
File(s)
No Thumbnail Available
Name

C0178833.pdf

Size

11.74 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):f2c40756e7ae2743a51ca9f69025d335

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